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Data Trends 2023: HPV and Related Cancers

Click to read more from Federal Health Care Data Trends 2023.

References
  1. Van Dyne EA et al. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018;67(33):918-924. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6733a2
  2. Nsouli-Maktabi H et al. MSMR. 2013;20(2):17-20. Published February 20, 2013. Accessed April 8, 2023. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23461306/
  3. Zevallos JP et al. Head Neck. 2021;43(1):108-115. doi:10.1002/hed.26465
  4. Saxena K et al. J Med Econ. 2022;25(1):299-308. doi:10.1080/13696998.2022.2041855
  5. Chidambaram S et al. JAMA Oncol. 2023;e227944. doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.7944
  6. Meites E et al. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68(32):698-702.
  7. González-Moles MÁ et al. Cancers (Basel). 2022;14(19):4967. doi:10.3390/cancers14194967
  8. Mazul AL et al. Cancer. 2022;128(18):3310-3318. doi:10.1002/cncr.34387
  9. Clark E et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2021;72(9):e359-e366. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa1162
  10. Rohner E et al. Int J Cancer. 2020;146(3):601-609. doi:10.1002/ijc.32260
  11. Guiguet M et al. Lancet Oncol. 2009;10(12):1152-1159. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(09)70282-7
  12. Abraham AG et al. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2013;62(4):405-413. doi:10.1097/QAI.0b013e31828177d7
  13. Massad LS et al. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015;212(5):606.e1-e8. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2014.12.003
  14. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Genital HPV infection – basic fact sheet. Updated April 12, 2022. Accessed April 20, 2023. https://www.cdc.gov/std/hpv/stdfact-hpv.htm
  15. US Department of Defense. 2021 Demographics: profile of the military community. Accessed April 20, 2023. https://download.militaryonesource.mil/12038/MOS/Reports/2021-demographics-report.pdf
  16. National Cancer Institute. HPV and cancer. Updated April 4, 2023. Accessed May 4, 2023. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causesprevention/risk/infectious-agents/hpv-and-cancer
  17. de Martel C et al. Int J Cancer. 2017;141(4):664-670. doi:10.1002/ijc.30716
  18. Daly CM et al. J Community Health. 2018;43(3):441-447. doi:10.1007/s10900-017-0447-z
  19. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. How many cancers are linked with HPV each year? Updated October 3, 2022. Accessed May 4, 2023. https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/hpv/statistics/cases.htm
  20. Zevallos JP et al. Head Neck. 2021;43(1):108-115. doi:10.1002/hed.26465
  21. Mashberg A et al. Cancer. 1993;72(4):1369-1375. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19930815)72:4<1369::AID-CNCR2820720436>3.0.CO;2-L
  22. Agha Z et al. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160(21):3252-3257. doi:10.1001/archinte.160.21.3252
  23. Singh JA et al. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005;53(1):108-113. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53020.x
  24. Morgan RO et al. Health Serv Res. 2005;40(5 pt 2):1573-1583. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2005.00448.x
  25. National Cancer Institute. Head and neck cancers. Updated May 25, 2021. Accessed May 4, 2023. https://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/head-neck-fact-sheet
  26. Odani S et al. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018;67(1):7-12. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6701a2
  27. Ames G, Cunradi C. Alcohol use and preventing alcohol-related problems among young adults in the military. Alcohol Res Health. 2004;28(4):252-257.
  28. Di Credico G et al. Br J Cancer. 2020;123(9):1456-1463. doi:10.1038/s41416-020-01031-z
  29. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HPV-associated cancer risks. Updated October 3, 2022. Accessed May 4, 2023. https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/hpv/statistics/index.htm
  30. Sandulache VC et al. Head Neck. 2015;37(9):1246-1253. doi:10.1002/hed.23740
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Click to read more from Federal Health Care Data Trends 2023.

Click to read more from Federal Health Care Data Trends 2023.

References
  1. Van Dyne EA et al. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018;67(33):918-924. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6733a2
  2. Nsouli-Maktabi H et al. MSMR. 2013;20(2):17-20. Published February 20, 2013. Accessed April 8, 2023. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23461306/
  3. Zevallos JP et al. Head Neck. 2021;43(1):108-115. doi:10.1002/hed.26465
  4. Saxena K et al. J Med Econ. 2022;25(1):299-308. doi:10.1080/13696998.2022.2041855
  5. Chidambaram S et al. JAMA Oncol. 2023;e227944. doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.7944
  6. Meites E et al. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68(32):698-702.
  7. González-Moles MÁ et al. Cancers (Basel). 2022;14(19):4967. doi:10.3390/cancers14194967
  8. Mazul AL et al. Cancer. 2022;128(18):3310-3318. doi:10.1002/cncr.34387
  9. Clark E et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2021;72(9):e359-e366. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa1162
  10. Rohner E et al. Int J Cancer. 2020;146(3):601-609. doi:10.1002/ijc.32260
  11. Guiguet M et al. Lancet Oncol. 2009;10(12):1152-1159. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(09)70282-7
  12. Abraham AG et al. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2013;62(4):405-413. doi:10.1097/QAI.0b013e31828177d7
  13. Massad LS et al. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015;212(5):606.e1-e8. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2014.12.003
  14. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Genital HPV infection – basic fact sheet. Updated April 12, 2022. Accessed April 20, 2023. https://www.cdc.gov/std/hpv/stdfact-hpv.htm
  15. US Department of Defense. 2021 Demographics: profile of the military community. Accessed April 20, 2023. https://download.militaryonesource.mil/12038/MOS/Reports/2021-demographics-report.pdf
  16. National Cancer Institute. HPV and cancer. Updated April 4, 2023. Accessed May 4, 2023. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causesprevention/risk/infectious-agents/hpv-and-cancer
  17. de Martel C et al. Int J Cancer. 2017;141(4):664-670. doi:10.1002/ijc.30716
  18. Daly CM et al. J Community Health. 2018;43(3):441-447. doi:10.1007/s10900-017-0447-z
  19. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. How many cancers are linked with HPV each year? Updated October 3, 2022. Accessed May 4, 2023. https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/hpv/statistics/cases.htm
  20. Zevallos JP et al. Head Neck. 2021;43(1):108-115. doi:10.1002/hed.26465
  21. Mashberg A et al. Cancer. 1993;72(4):1369-1375. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19930815)72:4<1369::AID-CNCR2820720436>3.0.CO;2-L
  22. Agha Z et al. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160(21):3252-3257. doi:10.1001/archinte.160.21.3252
  23. Singh JA et al. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005;53(1):108-113. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53020.x
  24. Morgan RO et al. Health Serv Res. 2005;40(5 pt 2):1573-1583. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2005.00448.x
  25. National Cancer Institute. Head and neck cancers. Updated May 25, 2021. Accessed May 4, 2023. https://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/head-neck-fact-sheet
  26. Odani S et al. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018;67(1):7-12. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6701a2
  27. Ames G, Cunradi C. Alcohol use and preventing alcohol-related problems among young adults in the military. Alcohol Res Health. 2004;28(4):252-257.
  28. Di Credico G et al. Br J Cancer. 2020;123(9):1456-1463. doi:10.1038/s41416-020-01031-z
  29. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HPV-associated cancer risks. Updated October 3, 2022. Accessed May 4, 2023. https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/hpv/statistics/index.htm
  30. Sandulache VC et al. Head Neck. 2015;37(9):1246-1253. doi:10.1002/hed.23740
References
  1. Van Dyne EA et al. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018;67(33):918-924. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6733a2
  2. Nsouli-Maktabi H et al. MSMR. 2013;20(2):17-20. Published February 20, 2013. Accessed April 8, 2023. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23461306/
  3. Zevallos JP et al. Head Neck. 2021;43(1):108-115. doi:10.1002/hed.26465
  4. Saxena K et al. J Med Econ. 2022;25(1):299-308. doi:10.1080/13696998.2022.2041855
  5. Chidambaram S et al. JAMA Oncol. 2023;e227944. doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.7944
  6. Meites E et al. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68(32):698-702.
  7. González-Moles MÁ et al. Cancers (Basel). 2022;14(19):4967. doi:10.3390/cancers14194967
  8. Mazul AL et al. Cancer. 2022;128(18):3310-3318. doi:10.1002/cncr.34387
  9. Clark E et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2021;72(9):e359-e366. doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa1162
  10. Rohner E et al. Int J Cancer. 2020;146(3):601-609. doi:10.1002/ijc.32260
  11. Guiguet M et al. Lancet Oncol. 2009;10(12):1152-1159. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(09)70282-7
  12. Abraham AG et al. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2013;62(4):405-413. doi:10.1097/QAI.0b013e31828177d7
  13. Massad LS et al. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015;212(5):606.e1-e8. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2014.12.003
  14. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Genital HPV infection – basic fact sheet. Updated April 12, 2022. Accessed April 20, 2023. https://www.cdc.gov/std/hpv/stdfact-hpv.htm
  15. US Department of Defense. 2021 Demographics: profile of the military community. Accessed April 20, 2023. https://download.militaryonesource.mil/12038/MOS/Reports/2021-demographics-report.pdf
  16. National Cancer Institute. HPV and cancer. Updated April 4, 2023. Accessed May 4, 2023. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causesprevention/risk/infectious-agents/hpv-and-cancer
  17. de Martel C et al. Int J Cancer. 2017;141(4):664-670. doi:10.1002/ijc.30716
  18. Daly CM et al. J Community Health. 2018;43(3):441-447. doi:10.1007/s10900-017-0447-z
  19. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. How many cancers are linked with HPV each year? Updated October 3, 2022. Accessed May 4, 2023. https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/hpv/statistics/cases.htm
  20. Zevallos JP et al. Head Neck. 2021;43(1):108-115. doi:10.1002/hed.26465
  21. Mashberg A et al. Cancer. 1993;72(4):1369-1375. doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19930815)72:4<1369::AID-CNCR2820720436>3.0.CO;2-L
  22. Agha Z et al. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160(21):3252-3257. doi:10.1001/archinte.160.21.3252
  23. Singh JA et al. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005;53(1):108-113. doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53020.x
  24. Morgan RO et al. Health Serv Res. 2005;40(5 pt 2):1573-1583. doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2005.00448.x
  25. National Cancer Institute. Head and neck cancers. Updated May 25, 2021. Accessed May 4, 2023. https://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/head-neck-fact-sheet
  26. Odani S et al. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018;67(1):7-12. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6701a2
  27. Ames G, Cunradi C. Alcohol use and preventing alcohol-related problems among young adults in the military. Alcohol Res Health. 2004;28(4):252-257.
  28. Di Credico G et al. Br J Cancer. 2020;123(9):1456-1463. doi:10.1038/s41416-020-01031-z
  29. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HPV-associated cancer risks. Updated October 3, 2022. Accessed May 4, 2023. https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/hpv/statistics/index.htm
  30. Sandulache VC et al. Head Neck. 2015;37(9):1246-1253. doi:10.1002/hed.23740
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The incidence of certain HPV-related cancers, such as oropharyngeal and anal cancers, has risen dramatically over the past 20 years. Oropharyngeal cancer is now the most common HPV-related cancer in the US.1 Active-duty military service members and veterans are twice as likely as the general population to develop oncogenic HPV infections, resulting in a higher risk of HPV-associated cancers and cancer-related mortality.2-4 Yet, HPV vaccination rates among eligible veterans and active-duty military are only half that of their civilian peers.5

Unfortunately, no vaccination requirements or campaigns actively target this population.5 An updated US military policy could include the most recent Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices guidelines on the HPV vaccine and provide guidance on ways to make vaccines more widely available to service members.6

Because of the lack of routine screening procedures and the long latency period between the incident oncogenic HPV infection and the subsequent development of cancer, oropharyngeal cancers are often diagnosed at an advanced stage, which results in increased cancer associated mortality.7 HPV-related cancers may also cause significant clinical and economic burdens for the VHA system.4 Effective vaccination strategies could save the VHA millions of dollars in costs associated with treating these largely preventable cancers.4

The relative risk of cancers is also increased in veterans living HIV.8 Veteran women living with HIV in particular have an increased risk of HPV-associated genital tract cancers, in part because poorly controlled HIV is associated with more frequent and persistent HPV infections earlier in life.9-13

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