Data Trends 2025: Obesity

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References

1. GBD 2021 US Obesity Forecasting Collaborators. National-level and state-level prevalence of overweight and obesity among children, adolescents, and adults in the USA, 1990-2021, and forecasts up to 2050. Lancet. 2024;404(10469):2278-2298. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01548-4
2. Breland JY, et al. J Gen Intern Med. 2017;32(Suppl 1):11-17. doi:10.1007/s11606-016-3962-1
3. American Security Project. Costs and consequences: obesity’s compounding impact on the Military Health System. September 2024. Accessed April 21, 2025. https://www.americansecurityproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Ref-0295-Costs-and-Consequences-Obesitys-Compounding-Impact-on-the-Military-Health-System.pdf
4. Baser O, et al. Healthcare (Basel). 2023;11(11):1529. doi:10.3390/healthcare11111529
5. Maclin-Akinyemi C, et al. Mil Med. 2017;182(9):e1816-e1823. doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-16-00380.
6. Yang D, et al. Mil Med. 2022;187(7-8):e948-e954. doi:10.1093/milmed/usab292
7. American Security Project. Ready the Reserve: obesity’s impacts on National Guard and Reserve readiness. April 2025. Accessed April 21, 2025. https://www.americansecurityproject.org/white-paper-ready-the-reserve-obesitys-impacts-onnational-guard-and-reserve-readiness/
8. Betancourt JA, et al. Healthcare (Basel). 2020;8(3):191. doi:10.3390/healthcare8030191
9. Breland JY, et al. Psychiatr Serv. 2020;1;71(5):506-509. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201900078

Author and Disclosure Information

Reviewed by Ricardo Correa, MD, EdD, Clinical Professor of Medicine, Endocrinology Institute, Lerner College of Medicine of CWRU; Endocrinology fellowship director, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio.
Ricardo Correa, MD, EdD, has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships:
Serve(d) as a director, officer, partner, employee, advisor, consultant, or trustee for: American association of clinical endocrinologist; Endocrine fellow foundation; Intealth (ECFMG).

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Author and Disclosure Information

Reviewed by Ricardo Correa, MD, EdD, Clinical Professor of Medicine, Endocrinology Institute, Lerner College of Medicine of CWRU; Endocrinology fellowship director, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio.
Ricardo Correa, MD, EdD, has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships:
Serve(d) as a director, officer, partner, employee, advisor, consultant, or trustee for: American association of clinical endocrinologist; Endocrine fellow foundation; Intealth (ECFMG).

Author and Disclosure Information

Reviewed by Ricardo Correa, MD, EdD, Clinical Professor of Medicine, Endocrinology Institute, Lerner College of Medicine of CWRU; Endocrinology fellowship director, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio.
Ricardo Correa, MD, EdD, has disclosed the following relevant financial relationships:
Serve(d) as a director, officer, partner, employee, advisor, consultant, or trustee for: American association of clinical endocrinologist; Endocrine fellow foundation; Intealth (ECFMG).

Click here to view more from Federal Health Care Data Trends 2025.

References

1. GBD 2021 US Obesity Forecasting Collaborators. National-level and state-level prevalence of overweight and obesity among children, adolescents, and adults in the USA, 1990-2021, and forecasts up to 2050. Lancet. 2024;404(10469):2278-2298. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01548-4
2. Breland JY, et al. J Gen Intern Med. 2017;32(Suppl 1):11-17. doi:10.1007/s11606-016-3962-1
3. American Security Project. Costs and consequences: obesity’s compounding impact on the Military Health System. September 2024. Accessed April 21, 2025. https://www.americansecurityproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Ref-0295-Costs-and-Consequences-Obesitys-Compounding-Impact-on-the-Military-Health-System.pdf
4. Baser O, et al. Healthcare (Basel). 2023;11(11):1529. doi:10.3390/healthcare11111529
5. Maclin-Akinyemi C, et al. Mil Med. 2017;182(9):e1816-e1823. doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-16-00380.
6. Yang D, et al. Mil Med. 2022;187(7-8):e948-e954. doi:10.1093/milmed/usab292
7. American Security Project. Ready the Reserve: obesity’s impacts on National Guard and Reserve readiness. April 2025. Accessed April 21, 2025. https://www.americansecurityproject.org/white-paper-ready-the-reserve-obesitys-impacts-onnational-guard-and-reserve-readiness/
8. Betancourt JA, et al. Healthcare (Basel). 2020;8(3):191. doi:10.3390/healthcare8030191
9. Breland JY, et al. Psychiatr Serv. 2020;1;71(5):506-509. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201900078

References

1. GBD 2021 US Obesity Forecasting Collaborators. National-level and state-level prevalence of overweight and obesity among children, adolescents, and adults in the USA, 1990-2021, and forecasts up to 2050. Lancet. 2024;404(10469):2278-2298. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01548-4
2. Breland JY, et al. J Gen Intern Med. 2017;32(Suppl 1):11-17. doi:10.1007/s11606-016-3962-1
3. American Security Project. Costs and consequences: obesity’s compounding impact on the Military Health System. September 2024. Accessed April 21, 2025. https://www.americansecurityproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Ref-0295-Costs-and-Consequences-Obesitys-Compounding-Impact-on-the-Military-Health-System.pdf
4. Baser O, et al. Healthcare (Basel). 2023;11(11):1529. doi:10.3390/healthcare11111529
5. Maclin-Akinyemi C, et al. Mil Med. 2017;182(9):e1816-e1823. doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-16-00380.
6. Yang D, et al. Mil Med. 2022;187(7-8):e948-e954. doi:10.1093/milmed/usab292
7. American Security Project. Ready the Reserve: obesity’s impacts on National Guard and Reserve readiness. April 2025. Accessed April 21, 2025. https://www.americansecurityproject.org/white-paper-ready-the-reserve-obesitys-impacts-onnational-guard-and-reserve-readiness/
8. Betancourt JA, et al. Healthcare (Basel). 2020;8(3):191. doi:10.3390/healthcare8030191
9. Breland JY, et al. Psychiatr Serv. 2020;1;71(5):506-509. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201900078

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In the United States, the prevalence of obesity substantially increased from 1990 to 2021 among both adults (+123.6% males; +99.9% females) and adolescents (+158.4% males; +185.9% females).¹ Among veterans, obesity prevalence estimates vary from about one-quarter to one-half of the population across VHA facilities.²

Entry-level military roles are often recruited from lower-income groups that have higher occupational stress and mental health issues, and limited access to healthy food. Enlisted troops are 38% more likely to be diagnosed with obesity than their officer and civilian counterparts.³

Obesity is frequently underdiagnosed in veteran, active duty, and reserve populations, contributing to delayed treatment and increased risk for comorbidities.⁴ Obesity related conditions also contribute to higher health care utilization and costs for the Department of Defense and VHA.³

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