Tisagenlecleucel looks effective in phase 2 study of young ALL patients

Tisagenlecleucel was associated with durable remission and long-term persistence for younger patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), according to the results of a multicenter, multicontinent, phase 2 trial published in the New England Journal of Medicine.

Shannon L. Maude, MD, PhD, of the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and her coauthors reported that the anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy was highly toxic, but the effects were usually mitigated. Additionally, the investigators showed feasibility of a global supply chain for distribution of the therapy.

The investigators evaluated data from 75 patients with at least 5% lymphoblasts in their bone marrow at the time of screening. Patients were aged 3 years or older at the time of screening but were no older than 21 years of age at the time of diagnosis.

For 50 patients evaluated at the interim analysis, the primary endpoint of overall remission at 3 months was met, and the overall remission rate was 82% (P less than .001).

An updated analysis showed that 81% of 75 patients who had at least 3 months of follow-up experienced overall remission (95% confidence interval, 71-89). A total of 45 of those patients experienced complete remission, and 16 had complete remission with incomplete hematologic recovery.

Event-free survival was experienced by 73% of patients at 6 months and 50% of patients at 12 months. Overall survival was 90% at 6 months and 76% at 12 months, the investigators reported.

Before tisagenlecleucel infusion, 96% of patients received lymphodepleting chemotherapy. The administration of chemotherapy was not done at the discretion of the investigator if a patient had leukopenia.

The median duration of remission was not reached, and the persistence of tisagenlecleucel in the blood was observed for as long as 20 months.

“The remissions were durable, with a 6-month relapse-free survival rate of 80%,” the investigators wrote. “The durability of the clinical response was associated with persistence of tisagenlecleucel in peripheral blood and with persistent B-cell aplasia.”

The phase 1 study of tisagenlecleucel infusion therapy for younger patients with B-cell ALL showed the toxic nature of the therapy, so investigators were not surprised by the safety data they found. Nearly three-quarters of patients who were evaluated in the study experienced a grade 3 or 4 tisagenlecleucel-related adverse event. Cytokine release syndrome occurred in 77% of patients.

Previously reported data regarding anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy for ALL came from single-center studies where manufacturing occurred on site, but the current study employed a global, multicenter supply chain, according to the investigators.

“The toxicity and efficacy of tisagenlecleucel [in this study] were consistent with those in the single-center study, and the feasibility of a global supply chain was demonstrated,” they wrote. “Because this study used cryopreserved leukapheresis product, it did not require fresh product and an open manufacture slot for enrollment.”

This research was sponsored and designed by Novartis Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Maude reported having received personal fees from Novartis as well as grant funding from St. Baldrick’s Foundation.
 

[email protected]

SOURCE: Maude SL, et al. N Engl J Med. 2018;378:439-48.

Tisagenlecleucel was associated with durable remission and long-term persistence for younger patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), according to the results of a multicenter, multicontinent, phase 2 trial published in the New England Journal of Medicine.

Shannon L. Maude, MD, PhD, of the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and her coauthors reported that the anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy was highly toxic, but the effects were usually mitigated. Additionally, the investigators showed feasibility of a global supply chain for distribution of the therapy.

The investigators evaluated data from 75 patients with at least 5% lymphoblasts in their bone marrow at the time of screening. Patients were aged 3 years or older at the time of screening but were no older than 21 years of age at the time of diagnosis.

For 50 patients evaluated at the interim analysis, the primary endpoint of overall remission at 3 months was met, and the overall remission rate was 82% (P less than .001).

An updated analysis showed that 81% of 75 patients who had at least 3 months of follow-up experienced overall remission (95% confidence interval, 71-89). A total of 45 of those patients experienced complete remission, and 16 had complete remission with incomplete hematologic recovery.

Event-free survival was experienced by 73% of patients at 6 months and 50% of patients at 12 months. Overall survival was 90% at 6 months and 76% at 12 months, the investigators reported.

Before tisagenlecleucel infusion, 96% of patients received lymphodepleting chemotherapy. The administration of chemotherapy was not done at the discretion of the investigator if a patient had leukopenia.

The median duration of remission was not reached, and the persistence of tisagenlecleucel in the blood was observed for as long as 20 months.

“The remissions were durable, with a 6-month relapse-free survival rate of 80%,” the investigators wrote. “The durability of the clinical response was associated with persistence of tisagenlecleucel in peripheral blood and with persistent B-cell aplasia.”

The phase 1 study of tisagenlecleucel infusion therapy for younger patients with B-cell ALL showed the toxic nature of the therapy, so investigators were not surprised by the safety data they found. Nearly three-quarters of patients who were evaluated in the study experienced a grade 3 or 4 tisagenlecleucel-related adverse event. Cytokine release syndrome occurred in 77% of patients.

Previously reported data regarding anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy for ALL came from single-center studies where manufacturing occurred on site, but the current study employed a global, multicenter supply chain, according to the investigators.

“The toxicity and efficacy of tisagenlecleucel [in this study] were consistent with those in the single-center study, and the feasibility of a global supply chain was demonstrated,” they wrote. “Because this study used cryopreserved leukapheresis product, it did not require fresh product and an open manufacture slot for enrollment.”

This research was sponsored and designed by Novartis Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Maude reported having received personal fees from Novartis as well as grant funding from St. Baldrick’s Foundation.
 

[email protected]

SOURCE: Maude SL, et al. N Engl J Med. 2018;378:439-48.

Tisagenlecleucel was associated with durable remission and long-term persistence for younger patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), according to the results of a multicenter, multicontinent, phase 2 trial published in the New England Journal of Medicine.

Shannon L. Maude, MD, PhD, of the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and her coauthors reported that the anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy was highly toxic, but the effects were usually mitigated. Additionally, the investigators showed feasibility of a global supply chain for distribution of the therapy.

The investigators evaluated data from 75 patients with at least 5% lymphoblasts in their bone marrow at the time of screening. Patients were aged 3 years or older at the time of screening but were no older than 21 years of age at the time of diagnosis.

For 50 patients evaluated at the interim analysis, the primary endpoint of overall remission at 3 months was met, and the overall remission rate was 82% (P less than .001).

An updated analysis showed that 81% of 75 patients who had at least 3 months of follow-up experienced overall remission (95% confidence interval, 71-89). A total of 45 of those patients experienced complete remission, and 16 had complete remission with incomplete hematologic recovery.

Event-free survival was experienced by 73% of patients at 6 months and 50% of patients at 12 months. Overall survival was 90% at 6 months and 76% at 12 months, the investigators reported.

Before tisagenlecleucel infusion, 96% of patients received lymphodepleting chemotherapy. The administration of chemotherapy was not done at the discretion of the investigator if a patient had leukopenia.

The median duration of remission was not reached, and the persistence of tisagenlecleucel in the blood was observed for as long as 20 months.

“The remissions were durable, with a 6-month relapse-free survival rate of 80%,” the investigators wrote. “The durability of the clinical response was associated with persistence of tisagenlecleucel in peripheral blood and with persistent B-cell aplasia.”

The phase 1 study of tisagenlecleucel infusion therapy for younger patients with B-cell ALL showed the toxic nature of the therapy, so investigators were not surprised by the safety data they found. Nearly three-quarters of patients who were evaluated in the study experienced a grade 3 or 4 tisagenlecleucel-related adverse event. Cytokine release syndrome occurred in 77% of patients.

Previously reported data regarding anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy for ALL came from single-center studies where manufacturing occurred on site, but the current study employed a global, multicenter supply chain, according to the investigators.

“The toxicity and efficacy of tisagenlecleucel [in this study] were consistent with those in the single-center study, and the feasibility of a global supply chain was demonstrated,” they wrote. “Because this study used cryopreserved leukapheresis product, it did not require fresh product and an open manufacture slot for enrollment.”

This research was sponsored and designed by Novartis Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Maude reported having received personal fees from Novartis as well as grant funding from St. Baldrick’s Foundation.
 

[email protected]

SOURCE: Maude SL, et al. N Engl J Med. 2018;378:439-48.