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Spontaneous central venous catheter fracture: Relevance of the pinch‐off sign

A long‐term tunneled subclavian venous catheter of a 32‐year‐old leukaemia patient blocked. Chest x‐ray (CXR) showed a fracture, with the proximal end underneath the first rib and clavicle (Figure 1, arrow, right panel), and distal fragment at the left hila (broken arrow). A CXR 3 months ago showed catheter kinking and narrowing at the same site, constituting the pinch‐off sign (arrow, left panel).1 The broken fragment was retrieved from the left pulmonary artery by cardiac catheterization. Fractured ends were smooth (central insert).

Figure 1
Right panel showing catheter fracture (arrow, enlarged in insert), and the distal fragment (broken arrow). Left panel, showing pinch‐off sign (arrow, enlarged in insert).

Spontaneous central venous catheter fracture occurs in 0.1% to 1% of cases.2 The catheter fracture is postulated to be related to compression between the clavicle and first rib due to vigorous movement or heavy object lifting,3 activities that should be avoided. Fractures at other sites are exceptional. The pinch‐off sign may precede fracture; if detected, catheter removal is warranted,4 a fact both clinicians and radiologists should be aware of.

References
  1. Aitken DR,Minton JP.The “pinch‐off sign”: a warning of impending problems with permanent subclavian catheters.Am J Surg.1984;148:633636.
  2. Koller M,Papa MZ,Zweig A,Ben‐Ari G.Spontaneous leak and transection of permanent subclavian catheters.J Surg Oncol.1998;68:166168.
  3. Mirza B,Vanek VW,Kupensky DT.Pinch‐off syndrome: case report and collective review of the literature.Am Surg.2004;70:635644.
  4. Takasugi JK,O'Connell TX.Prevention of complications in permanent central venous catheters.Surg Gynecol Obstet.1988;167:611.
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Journal of Hospital Medicine - 5(4)
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A long‐term tunneled subclavian venous catheter of a 32‐year‐old leukaemia patient blocked. Chest x‐ray (CXR) showed a fracture, with the proximal end underneath the first rib and clavicle (Figure 1, arrow, right panel), and distal fragment at the left hila (broken arrow). A CXR 3 months ago showed catheter kinking and narrowing at the same site, constituting the pinch‐off sign (arrow, left panel).1 The broken fragment was retrieved from the left pulmonary artery by cardiac catheterization. Fractured ends were smooth (central insert).

Figure 1
Right panel showing catheter fracture (arrow, enlarged in insert), and the distal fragment (broken arrow). Left panel, showing pinch‐off sign (arrow, enlarged in insert).

Spontaneous central venous catheter fracture occurs in 0.1% to 1% of cases.2 The catheter fracture is postulated to be related to compression between the clavicle and first rib due to vigorous movement or heavy object lifting,3 activities that should be avoided. Fractures at other sites are exceptional. The pinch‐off sign may precede fracture; if detected, catheter removal is warranted,4 a fact both clinicians and radiologists should be aware of.

A long‐term tunneled subclavian venous catheter of a 32‐year‐old leukaemia patient blocked. Chest x‐ray (CXR) showed a fracture, with the proximal end underneath the first rib and clavicle (Figure 1, arrow, right panel), and distal fragment at the left hila (broken arrow). A CXR 3 months ago showed catheter kinking and narrowing at the same site, constituting the pinch‐off sign (arrow, left panel).1 The broken fragment was retrieved from the left pulmonary artery by cardiac catheterization. Fractured ends were smooth (central insert).

Figure 1
Right panel showing catheter fracture (arrow, enlarged in insert), and the distal fragment (broken arrow). Left panel, showing pinch‐off sign (arrow, enlarged in insert).

Spontaneous central venous catheter fracture occurs in 0.1% to 1% of cases.2 The catheter fracture is postulated to be related to compression between the clavicle and first rib due to vigorous movement or heavy object lifting,3 activities that should be avoided. Fractures at other sites are exceptional. The pinch‐off sign may precede fracture; if detected, catheter removal is warranted,4 a fact both clinicians and radiologists should be aware of.

References
  1. Aitken DR,Minton JP.The “pinch‐off sign”: a warning of impending problems with permanent subclavian catheters.Am J Surg.1984;148:633636.
  2. Koller M,Papa MZ,Zweig A,Ben‐Ari G.Spontaneous leak and transection of permanent subclavian catheters.J Surg Oncol.1998;68:166168.
  3. Mirza B,Vanek VW,Kupensky DT.Pinch‐off syndrome: case report and collective review of the literature.Am Surg.2004;70:635644.
  4. Takasugi JK,O'Connell TX.Prevention of complications in permanent central venous catheters.Surg Gynecol Obstet.1988;167:611.
References
  1. Aitken DR,Minton JP.The “pinch‐off sign”: a warning of impending problems with permanent subclavian catheters.Am J Surg.1984;148:633636.
  2. Koller M,Papa MZ,Zweig A,Ben‐Ari G.Spontaneous leak and transection of permanent subclavian catheters.J Surg Oncol.1998;68:166168.
  3. Mirza B,Vanek VW,Kupensky DT.Pinch‐off syndrome: case report and collective review of the literature.Am Surg.2004;70:635644.
  4. Takasugi JK,O'Connell TX.Prevention of complications in permanent central venous catheters.Surg Gynecol Obstet.1988;167:611.
Issue
Journal of Hospital Medicine - 5(4)
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Journal of Hospital Medicine - 5(4)
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E33-E33
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E33-E33
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Spontaneous central venous catheter fracture: Relevance of the pinch‐off sign
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Spontaneous central venous catheter fracture: Relevance of the pinch‐off sign
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