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1. This patient presented with rapid onset of severe pain in the MTP joint of the great toe accompanied swelling, redness, and fever. The pain was most severe in the first two to 24 hours and peaked within 24 hours. The history was remarkable for a trauma to the toe and a first-degree relative who had experienced the same symptoms. The patient admitted to drinking alcohol regularly.
Diagnosis: A presumptive diagnosis of gout may be acceptable in a patient with the classic presentation: rapid onset of severe pain in a swollen, erythematous joint (classically described in Latin as calor, rubor, dolor, et tumor) and symptoms peaking within 24 hours. The presence of tophi is pathognomonic for chronic tophaceous gout. In cases of questionable or unusual manifestation of gout, however, various imaging techniques and crystal visualization may be indicated.
For more information, see “Gout: A Clinical Overview.” Clin Rev. 2011;21(7):29-35.
For the next photograph, proceed to the next page >>
2. A 75-year-old woman presented to her family physician (FP) with pain in both hands. She said that she’d had the pain for a year and that it got worse with cold weather and better with ibuprofen.
Diagnosis: Osteoarthritis (OA) was diagnosed after noting Heberden’s nodes and Bouchard’s nodes at the distal and proximal interphalangeal joints, respectively. Arthritis is the most common cause of disability in the United States. Twenty-one million adults have functional limitations because of arthritis. Fifty percent of adults ages 65 years or older have been given an arthritis diagnosis. The most commonly affected joints are the knees, hips, hands (distal and proximal interphalangeal joints), and spine. If the diagnosis is uncertain, plain x-rays can often differentiate between OA and other forms of arthritis.
For more information, read “Hand pain.” J Fam Pract. 2015.
Photo courtesy of Dr. Richard Usatine, MD. The case was adapted with permission from Chumley H, Usatine R. Arthritis overview. In: Usatine R, Smith M, Mayeaux EJ, et al, eds. Color Atlas of Family Medicine. 2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013:562-568.
To learn more about the Color Atlas of Family Medicine, see: www.amazon.com/Color-Family-Medicine-Richard-Usatine/dp/0071769641/
You can now get the second edition of the Color Atlas of Family Medicine as an app by clicking on this link: usatinemedia.com
For the next photograph, proceed to the next page >>
3. A 45-year-old man with longstanding psoriasis began experiencing finger pain and swelling. The patient, who had a history of hepatitis C, noted that his fingernails had recently begun crumbling and his fingers were stiff in the morning.
Diagnosis: Psoriatic arthritis (with dactylitis and significant distal interphalangeal joint [DIP] involvement) was diagnosed in both hands, but the left hand was worse. The condition of the patient’s nails was not surprising, given that almost all patients with psoriatic arthritis have nail involvement. Radiographs of the patient’s hands showed periarticular erosions and new bone formation. There was also telescoping of the third DIP joint.
For more information, read “Finger pain and swelling.” J Fam Pract. 2015.
Photo courtesy of Ricardo Zuniga-Montes, MD; text courtesy of Richard P. Usatine, MD. The case was adapted with permission from Chumley H, Usatine R. Arthritis overview. In: Usatine R, Smith M, Mayeaux EJ, et al, eds. Color Atlas of Family Medicine. 2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013:562-568.
To learn more about the Color Atlas of Family Medicine, see: www.amazon.com/Color-Family-Medicine-Richard-Usatine/dp/0071769641/
You can now get the second edition of the Color Atlas of Family Medicine as an app by clicking on this link: usatinemedia.com
For the next photograph, proceed to the next page >>
4. A 62-year-old woman was concerned about her fingers, which weren’t straight. She’d had increasing pain in both hands (specifically the metacarpophalangeal [MCP] joints) over the past 2 years. Her fingers were stiff in the morning, but she was able to gain some relief with ibuprofen and naproxen. On physical exam, her fingers had an ulnar deviation and there was swelling of the MCP joints on both hands.
Diagnosis: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was diagnosed, based on the patient’s bilateral MCP joint swelling, ulnar deviation, and morning stiffness. Patients with RA initially experience swelling and stiffness in their wrists, as well as their MCP and metatarsophalangeal joints. Later, the larger joints are affected. When RA is advanced, severe destruction and subluxation occur.
“Crooked fingers.” J Fam Pract. 2015.
Photo courtesy of Dr. Richard Usatine, MD. The case was adapted with permission from Chumley H, Usatine R. Arthritis overview. In: Usatine R, Smith M, Mayeaux EJ, et al, eds. Color Atlas of Family Medicine. 2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013:562-568.
To learn more about the Color Atlas of Family Medicine, see: www.amazon.com/Color-Family-Medicine-Richard-Usatine/dp/0071769641/
You can now get the second edition of the Color Atlas of Family Medicine as an app by clicking on this link: usatinemedia.com
1. This patient presented with rapid onset of severe pain in the MTP joint of the great toe accompanied swelling, redness, and fever. The pain was most severe in the first two to 24 hours and peaked within 24 hours. The history was remarkable for a trauma to the toe and a first-degree relative who had experienced the same symptoms. The patient admitted to drinking alcohol regularly.
Diagnosis: A presumptive diagnosis of gout may be acceptable in a patient with the classic presentation: rapid onset of severe pain in a swollen, erythematous joint (classically described in Latin as calor, rubor, dolor, et tumor) and symptoms peaking within 24 hours. The presence of tophi is pathognomonic for chronic tophaceous gout. In cases of questionable or unusual manifestation of gout, however, various imaging techniques and crystal visualization may be indicated.
For more information, see “Gout: A Clinical Overview.” Clin Rev. 2011;21(7):29-35.
For the next photograph, proceed to the next page >>
2. A 75-year-old woman presented to her family physician (FP) with pain in both hands. She said that she’d had the pain for a year and that it got worse with cold weather and better with ibuprofen.
Diagnosis: Osteoarthritis (OA) was diagnosed after noting Heberden’s nodes and Bouchard’s nodes at the distal and proximal interphalangeal joints, respectively. Arthritis is the most common cause of disability in the United States. Twenty-one million adults have functional limitations because of arthritis. Fifty percent of adults ages 65 years or older have been given an arthritis diagnosis. The most commonly affected joints are the knees, hips, hands (distal and proximal interphalangeal joints), and spine. If the diagnosis is uncertain, plain x-rays can often differentiate between OA and other forms of arthritis.
For more information, read “Hand pain.” J Fam Pract. 2015.
Photo courtesy of Dr. Richard Usatine, MD. The case was adapted with permission from Chumley H, Usatine R. Arthritis overview. In: Usatine R, Smith M, Mayeaux EJ, et al, eds. Color Atlas of Family Medicine. 2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013:562-568.
To learn more about the Color Atlas of Family Medicine, see: www.amazon.com/Color-Family-Medicine-Richard-Usatine/dp/0071769641/
You can now get the second edition of the Color Atlas of Family Medicine as an app by clicking on this link: usatinemedia.com
For the next photograph, proceed to the next page >>
3. A 45-year-old man with longstanding psoriasis began experiencing finger pain and swelling. The patient, who had a history of hepatitis C, noted that his fingernails had recently begun crumbling and his fingers were stiff in the morning.
Diagnosis: Psoriatic arthritis (with dactylitis and significant distal interphalangeal joint [DIP] involvement) was diagnosed in both hands, but the left hand was worse. The condition of the patient’s nails was not surprising, given that almost all patients with psoriatic arthritis have nail involvement. Radiographs of the patient’s hands showed periarticular erosions and new bone formation. There was also telescoping of the third DIP joint.
For more information, read “Finger pain and swelling.” J Fam Pract. 2015.
Photo courtesy of Ricardo Zuniga-Montes, MD; text courtesy of Richard P. Usatine, MD. The case was adapted with permission from Chumley H, Usatine R. Arthritis overview. In: Usatine R, Smith M, Mayeaux EJ, et al, eds. Color Atlas of Family Medicine. 2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013:562-568.
To learn more about the Color Atlas of Family Medicine, see: www.amazon.com/Color-Family-Medicine-Richard-Usatine/dp/0071769641/
You can now get the second edition of the Color Atlas of Family Medicine as an app by clicking on this link: usatinemedia.com
For the next photograph, proceed to the next page >>
4. A 62-year-old woman was concerned about her fingers, which weren’t straight. She’d had increasing pain in both hands (specifically the metacarpophalangeal [MCP] joints) over the past 2 years. Her fingers were stiff in the morning, but she was able to gain some relief with ibuprofen and naproxen. On physical exam, her fingers had an ulnar deviation and there was swelling of the MCP joints on both hands.
Diagnosis: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was diagnosed, based on the patient’s bilateral MCP joint swelling, ulnar deviation, and morning stiffness. Patients with RA initially experience swelling and stiffness in their wrists, as well as their MCP and metatarsophalangeal joints. Later, the larger joints are affected. When RA is advanced, severe destruction and subluxation occur.
“Crooked fingers.” J Fam Pract. 2015.
Photo courtesy of Dr. Richard Usatine, MD. The case was adapted with permission from Chumley H, Usatine R. Arthritis overview. In: Usatine R, Smith M, Mayeaux EJ, et al, eds. Color Atlas of Family Medicine. 2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013:562-568.
To learn more about the Color Atlas of Family Medicine, see: www.amazon.com/Color-Family-Medicine-Richard-Usatine/dp/0071769641/
You can now get the second edition of the Color Atlas of Family Medicine as an app by clicking on this link: usatinemedia.com
1. This patient presented with rapid onset of severe pain in the MTP joint of the great toe accompanied swelling, redness, and fever. The pain was most severe in the first two to 24 hours and peaked within 24 hours. The history was remarkable for a trauma to the toe and a first-degree relative who had experienced the same symptoms. The patient admitted to drinking alcohol regularly.
Diagnosis: A presumptive diagnosis of gout may be acceptable in a patient with the classic presentation: rapid onset of severe pain in a swollen, erythematous joint (classically described in Latin as calor, rubor, dolor, et tumor) and symptoms peaking within 24 hours. The presence of tophi is pathognomonic for chronic tophaceous gout. In cases of questionable or unusual manifestation of gout, however, various imaging techniques and crystal visualization may be indicated.
For more information, see “Gout: A Clinical Overview.” Clin Rev. 2011;21(7):29-35.
For the next photograph, proceed to the next page >>
2. A 75-year-old woman presented to her family physician (FP) with pain in both hands. She said that she’d had the pain for a year and that it got worse with cold weather and better with ibuprofen.
Diagnosis: Osteoarthritis (OA) was diagnosed after noting Heberden’s nodes and Bouchard’s nodes at the distal and proximal interphalangeal joints, respectively. Arthritis is the most common cause of disability in the United States. Twenty-one million adults have functional limitations because of arthritis. Fifty percent of adults ages 65 years or older have been given an arthritis diagnosis. The most commonly affected joints are the knees, hips, hands (distal and proximal interphalangeal joints), and spine. If the diagnosis is uncertain, plain x-rays can often differentiate between OA and other forms of arthritis.
For more information, read “Hand pain.” J Fam Pract. 2015.
Photo courtesy of Dr. Richard Usatine, MD. The case was adapted with permission from Chumley H, Usatine R. Arthritis overview. In: Usatine R, Smith M, Mayeaux EJ, et al, eds. Color Atlas of Family Medicine. 2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013:562-568.
To learn more about the Color Atlas of Family Medicine, see: www.amazon.com/Color-Family-Medicine-Richard-Usatine/dp/0071769641/
You can now get the second edition of the Color Atlas of Family Medicine as an app by clicking on this link: usatinemedia.com
For the next photograph, proceed to the next page >>
3. A 45-year-old man with longstanding psoriasis began experiencing finger pain and swelling. The patient, who had a history of hepatitis C, noted that his fingernails had recently begun crumbling and his fingers were stiff in the morning.
Diagnosis: Psoriatic arthritis (with dactylitis and significant distal interphalangeal joint [DIP] involvement) was diagnosed in both hands, but the left hand was worse. The condition of the patient’s nails was not surprising, given that almost all patients with psoriatic arthritis have nail involvement. Radiographs of the patient’s hands showed periarticular erosions and new bone formation. There was also telescoping of the third DIP joint.
For more information, read “Finger pain and swelling.” J Fam Pract. 2015.
Photo courtesy of Ricardo Zuniga-Montes, MD; text courtesy of Richard P. Usatine, MD. The case was adapted with permission from Chumley H, Usatine R. Arthritis overview. In: Usatine R, Smith M, Mayeaux EJ, et al, eds. Color Atlas of Family Medicine. 2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013:562-568.
To learn more about the Color Atlas of Family Medicine, see: www.amazon.com/Color-Family-Medicine-Richard-Usatine/dp/0071769641/
You can now get the second edition of the Color Atlas of Family Medicine as an app by clicking on this link: usatinemedia.com
For the next photograph, proceed to the next page >>
4. A 62-year-old woman was concerned about her fingers, which weren’t straight. She’d had increasing pain in both hands (specifically the metacarpophalangeal [MCP] joints) over the past 2 years. Her fingers were stiff in the morning, but she was able to gain some relief with ibuprofen and naproxen. On physical exam, her fingers had an ulnar deviation and there was swelling of the MCP joints on both hands.
Diagnosis: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was diagnosed, based on the patient’s bilateral MCP joint swelling, ulnar deviation, and morning stiffness. Patients with RA initially experience swelling and stiffness in their wrists, as well as their MCP and metatarsophalangeal joints. Later, the larger joints are affected. When RA is advanced, severe destruction and subluxation occur.
“Crooked fingers.” J Fam Pract. 2015.
Photo courtesy of Dr. Richard Usatine, MD. The case was adapted with permission from Chumley H, Usatine R. Arthritis overview. In: Usatine R, Smith M, Mayeaux EJ, et al, eds. Color Atlas of Family Medicine. 2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2013:562-568.
To learn more about the Color Atlas of Family Medicine, see: www.amazon.com/Color-Family-Medicine-Richard-Usatine/dp/0071769641/
You can now get the second edition of the Color Atlas of Family Medicine as an app by clicking on this link: usatinemedia.com