Evaluation of Total Disc Arthroplasty: A Canine Model

Brett A. Taylor, MD, Gbolahan O. Okubadejo, MD, Alpesh A. Patel, MD, Michael R. Talcott, DVM, Toshii Imamura, MD, PhD, Nianbin Hu, MD, and Bryan W. Cunningham, MSc

Dr. Taylor is an Orthopaedic Surgeon, Orthopaedic Center of St. Louis, Chesterfield, Missouri.

Dr. Okubadejo is an Orthopaedic Surgeon and Spine Surgery Fellow, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Dr. Patel is Orthopaedic Surgeon and Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.

Dr. Talcott is Veterinarian, and Dr. Imamura is Clinical Researcher, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri.

Dr. Hu is Orthopaedic Research Fellow, and Mr. Cunningham is Director of Spinal Research, Orthopaedic Spinal Research Labaratory, St. Joseph Medical Center, Towson, Maryland.

Brett A. Taylor, MD, Gbolahan O. Okubadejo, MD, Alpesh A. Patel, MD, Michael R. Talcott, DVM, Toshii Imamura, MD, PhD, Nianbin Hu, MD, and Bryan W. Cunningham, MSc

Dr. Taylor is an Orthopaedic Surgeon, Orthopaedic Center of St. Louis, Chesterfield, Missouri.

Dr. Okubadejo is an Orthopaedic Surgeon and Spine Surgery Fellow, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Dr. Patel is Orthopaedic Surgeon and Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.

Dr. Talcott is Veterinarian, and Dr. Imamura is Clinical Researcher, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri.

Dr. Hu is Orthopaedic Research Fellow, and Mr. Cunningham is Director of Spinal Research, Orthopaedic Spinal Research Labaratory, St. Joseph Medical Center, Towson, Maryland.

Brett A. Taylor, MD, Gbolahan O. Okubadejo, MD, Alpesh A. Patel, MD, Michael R. Talcott, DVM, Toshii Imamura, MD, PhD, Nianbin Hu, MD, and Bryan W. Cunningham, MSc

Dr. Taylor is an Orthopaedic Surgeon, Orthopaedic Center of St. Louis, Chesterfield, Missouri.

Dr. Okubadejo is an Orthopaedic Surgeon and Spine Surgery Fellow, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Dr. Patel is Orthopaedic Surgeon and Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.

Dr. Talcott is Veterinarian, and Dr. Imamura is Clinical Researcher, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri.

Dr. Hu is Orthopaedic Research Fellow, and Mr. Cunningham is Director of Spinal Research, Orthopaedic Spinal Research Labaratory, St. Joseph Medical Center, Towson, Maryland.