Key clinical point: Artificial intelligence (AI) shows high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for the diagnosis of early gastric cancer.

Major finding: The pooled sensitivity and specificity of AI for early gastric cancer diagnosis were 0.86 and 0.90, respectively. The accuracy of AI was 0.94. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of deep learning methods were 0.84 and 0.88, respectively, and those of nondeep learning methods were 0.91 and 0.90, respectively. The accuracy of the nondeep learning methods was higher compared with the deep learning methods (0.96 vs. 0.93).

Study details: This meta-analysis of 12 retrospective case-control studies (n = 11,685) assessed the performance of AI in the endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer.

Disclosures: No funding source was identified for this study. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Chen P-C et al. The accuracy of artificial intelligence in the endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer: Pooled Analysis Study. J Med Internet Res. 2022;24(5):e27694 (May 16). Doi: 10.2196/27694

Key clinical point: Artificial intelligence (AI) shows high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for the diagnosis of early gastric cancer.

Major finding: The pooled sensitivity and specificity of AI for early gastric cancer diagnosis were 0.86 and 0.90, respectively. The accuracy of AI was 0.94. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of deep learning methods were 0.84 and 0.88, respectively, and those of nondeep learning methods were 0.91 and 0.90, respectively. The accuracy of the nondeep learning methods was higher compared with the deep learning methods (0.96 vs. 0.93).

Study details: This meta-analysis of 12 retrospective case-control studies (n = 11,685) assessed the performance of AI in the endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer.

Disclosures: No funding source was identified for this study. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Chen P-C et al. The accuracy of artificial intelligence in the endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer: Pooled Analysis Study. J Med Internet Res. 2022;24(5):e27694 (May 16). Doi: 10.2196/27694

Key clinical point: Artificial intelligence (AI) shows high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for the diagnosis of early gastric cancer.

Major finding: The pooled sensitivity and specificity of AI for early gastric cancer diagnosis were 0.86 and 0.90, respectively. The accuracy of AI was 0.94. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of deep learning methods were 0.84 and 0.88, respectively, and those of nondeep learning methods were 0.91 and 0.90, respectively. The accuracy of the nondeep learning methods was higher compared with the deep learning methods (0.96 vs. 0.93).

Study details: This meta-analysis of 12 retrospective case-control studies (n = 11,685) assessed the performance of AI in the endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer.

Disclosures: No funding source was identified for this study. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Chen P-C et al. The accuracy of artificial intelligence in the endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer: Pooled Analysis Study. J Med Internet Res. 2022;24(5):e27694 (May 16). Doi: 10.2196/27694

Key clinical point: Artificial intelligence (AI) shows high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for the diagnosis of early gastric cancer.

Major finding: The pooled sensitivity and specificity of AI for early gastric cancer diagnosis were 0.86 and 0.90, respectively. The accuracy of AI was 0.94. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of deep learning methods were 0.84 and 0.88, respectively, and those of nondeep learning methods were 0.91 and 0.90, respectively. The accuracy of the nondeep learning methods was higher compared with the deep learning methods (0.96 vs. 0.93).

Study details: This meta-analysis of 12 retrospective case-control studies (n = 11,685) assessed the performance of AI in the endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer.

Disclosures: No funding source was identified for this study. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Chen P-C et al. The accuracy of artificial intelligence in the endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer: Pooled Analysis Study. J Med Internet Res. 2022;24(5):e27694 (May 16). Doi: 10.2196/27694

Key clinical point: Artificial intelligence (AI) shows high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for the diagnosis of early gastric cancer.

Major finding: The pooled sensitivity and specificity of AI for early gastric cancer diagnosis were 0.86 and 0.90, respectively. The accuracy of AI was 0.94. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of deep learning methods were 0.84 and 0.88, respectively, and those of nondeep learning methods were 0.91 and 0.90, respectively. The accuracy of the nondeep learning methods was higher compared with the deep learning methods (0.96 vs. 0.93).

Study details: This meta-analysis of 12 retrospective case-control studies (n = 11,685) assessed the performance of AI in the endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer.

Disclosures: No funding source was identified for this study. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Chen P-C et al. The accuracy of artificial intelligence in the endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer: Pooled Analysis Study. J Med Internet Res. 2022;24(5):e27694 (May 16). Doi: 10.2196/27694

Key clinical point: Artificial intelligence (AI) shows high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for the diagnosis of early gastric cancer.

Major finding: The pooled sensitivity and specificity of AI for early gastric cancer diagnosis were 0.86 and 0.90, respectively. The accuracy of AI was 0.94. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of deep learning methods were 0.84 and 0.88, respectively, and those of nondeep learning methods were 0.91 and 0.90, respectively. The accuracy of the nondeep learning methods was higher compared with the deep learning methods (0.96 vs. 0.93).

Study details: This meta-analysis of 12 retrospective case-control studies (n = 11,685) assessed the performance of AI in the endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer.

Disclosures: No funding source was identified for this study. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Chen P-C et al. The accuracy of artificial intelligence in the endoscopic diagnosis of early gastric cancer: Pooled Analysis Study. J Med Internet Res. 2022;24(5):e27694 (May 16). Doi: 10.2196/27694

Key clinical point: There is no improvement in survival of patients with nonmetastatic gastric adenocarcinoma in selected European countries. The survival has slightly improved in the US and worsened in Sweden.

Major finding: The overall survival (OS) trend improved in the US (hazard ratio [HR] per year 0.99) and worsened in Sweden (HR per year 1.03). There was no improvement in OS trend in the Netherlands, Belgium, Norway, and Slovenia. After adjusting for resection, the OS trend became insignificant in Sweden and improved in the US, Slovenia, and Norway.

Study details: A real-world observational study of individual-level data of 66,398 patients diagnosed with nonmetastatic gastric adenocarcinoma during 2003-2016 in the US and 5 European countries.

Disclosures: This study was supported by Deutsche Krebshilfe. The authors declared no competing interests.

Source: Huang L et al. Survival trends of patients with non-metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma in the US and European countries: The impact of decreasing resection rates. Cancer Commun (Lond). 2022 (Jun 6). Doi: 10.1002/cac2.12318

Key clinical point: There is no improvement in survival of patients with nonmetastatic gastric adenocarcinoma in selected European countries. The survival has slightly improved in the US and worsened in Sweden.

Major finding: The overall survival (OS) trend improved in the US (hazard ratio [HR] per year 0.99) and worsened in Sweden (HR per year 1.03). There was no improvement in OS trend in the Netherlands, Belgium, Norway, and Slovenia. After adjusting for resection, the OS trend became insignificant in Sweden and improved in the US, Slovenia, and Norway.

Study details: A real-world observational study of individual-level data of 66,398 patients diagnosed with nonmetastatic gastric adenocarcinoma during 2003-2016 in the US and 5 European countries.

Disclosures: This study was supported by Deutsche Krebshilfe. The authors declared no competing interests.

Source: Huang L et al. Survival trends of patients with non-metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma in the US and European countries: The impact of decreasing resection rates. Cancer Commun (Lond). 2022 (Jun 6). Doi: 10.1002/cac2.12318

Key clinical point: There is no improvement in survival of patients with nonmetastatic gastric adenocarcinoma in selected European countries. The survival has slightly improved in the US and worsened in Sweden.

Major finding: The overall survival (OS) trend improved in the US (hazard ratio [HR] per year 0.99) and worsened in Sweden (HR per year 1.03). There was no improvement in OS trend in the Netherlands, Belgium, Norway, and Slovenia. After adjusting for resection, the OS trend became insignificant in Sweden and improved in the US, Slovenia, and Norway.

Study details: A real-world observational study of individual-level data of 66,398 patients diagnosed with nonmetastatic gastric adenocarcinoma during 2003-2016 in the US and 5 European countries.

Disclosures: This study was supported by Deutsche Krebshilfe. The authors declared no competing interests.

Source: Huang L et al. Survival trends of patients with non-metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma in the US and European countries: The impact of decreasing resection rates. Cancer Commun (Lond). 2022 (Jun 6). Doi: 10.1002/cac2.12318

Takeaway: Laparoscopic vs. open gastrectomy (LG vs. OG) is associated with a lower complication rate and higher survival in elderly patients (age ≥ 80 years) with gastric cancer.

Major finding: Elderly patients who received LG vs. OG had lower blood loss (40 vs. 240 g; P < .01) and incidence of overall postoperative complications (29% vs. 53%; P < .05). The 5-year disease-specific survival rate was significantly higher in the LG vs. OG elderly group (93% vs. 78%; P < .05). Elderly vs. nonelderly patients who received LG had a significantly lower 5-year overall survival rate (67% vs. 87%; P < .01).

Study details: This retrospective study included patients with gastric cancer who received curative gastrectomy between 2003 and 2015 and were divided into three groups, elderly patients who received LG (n = 45) and OG (n = 43) and nonelderly patients who received LG (n = 329).

Disclosures: This study did not receive any funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Ueda Y et al. Technical and oncological safety of laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer in elderly patients ≥ 80 years old. BMC Geriatr. 2022;22:475 (Jun 2). Doi: 10.1186/s12877-022-03180-7

Takeaway: Laparoscopic vs. open gastrectomy (LG vs. OG) is associated with a lower complication rate and higher survival in elderly patients (age ≥ 80 years) with gastric cancer.

Major finding: Elderly patients who received LG vs. OG had lower blood loss (40 vs. 240 g; P < .01) and incidence of overall postoperative complications (29% vs. 53%; P < .05). The 5-year disease-specific survival rate was significantly higher in the LG vs. OG elderly group (93% vs. 78%; P < .05). Elderly vs. nonelderly patients who received LG had a significantly lower 5-year overall survival rate (67% vs. 87%; P < .01).

Study details: This retrospective study included patients with gastric cancer who received curative gastrectomy between 2003 and 2015 and were divided into three groups, elderly patients who received LG (n = 45) and OG (n = 43) and nonelderly patients who received LG (n = 329).

Disclosures: This study did not receive any funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Ueda Y et al. Technical and oncological safety of laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer in elderly patients ≥ 80 years old. BMC Geriatr. 2022;22:475 (Jun 2). Doi: 10.1186/s12877-022-03180-7

Takeaway: Laparoscopic vs. open gastrectomy (LG vs. OG) is associated with a lower complication rate and higher survival in elderly patients (age ≥ 80 years) with gastric cancer.

Major finding: Elderly patients who received LG vs. OG had lower blood loss (40 vs. 240 g; P < .01) and incidence of overall postoperative complications (29% vs. 53%; P < .05). The 5-year disease-specific survival rate was significantly higher in the LG vs. OG elderly group (93% vs. 78%; P < .05). Elderly vs. nonelderly patients who received LG had a significantly lower 5-year overall survival rate (67% vs. 87%; P < .01).

Study details: This retrospective study included patients with gastric cancer who received curative gastrectomy between 2003 and 2015 and were divided into three groups, elderly patients who received LG (n = 45) and OG (n = 43) and nonelderly patients who received LG (n = 329).

Disclosures: This study did not receive any funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Ueda Y et al. Technical and oncological safety of laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer in elderly patients ≥ 80 years old. BMC Geriatr. 2022;22:475 (Jun 2). Doi: 10.1186/s12877-022-03180-7

Key clinical point: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Helicobacter pylori coinfection is not an independent prognostic factor for gastric cancer. EBV infection was associated with survival, but not in patients with non-gastric carcinoma with lymphoid stroma (non-GCLS).

Major finding: EBV infection alone (hazard ratio 0.362; P = .049) showed an inverse correlation with overall survival (OS). The 5-year OS rate was not significantly different between the EBV and H. pylori coinfection vs. other groups (97.6% vs. 86.8%; P = .144). In patients with non-GCLS, the OS rate was not significantly different between the EBV-positive vs. other groups (96.9% vs. 86.4%; P = .126).

Study details: This retrospective study included 956 patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgery between September 2014 and August 2015 and were subdivided into groups according to the GCLS morphology and EBV and H. pylori infection statuses.

Disclosures: No funding source was identified for this study. Dr. JY Ahn is an editorial board member of the journal. The other authors reported no conflicts of interest.

Source: Noh JH et al. Clinical significance of Epstein-Barr virus and Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric carcinoma. Gut Liver. 2022 (May 25). Doi: 10.5009/gnl210593

Key clinical point: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Helicobacter pylori coinfection is not an independent prognostic factor for gastric cancer. EBV infection was associated with survival, but not in patients with non-gastric carcinoma with lymphoid stroma (non-GCLS).

Major finding: EBV infection alone (hazard ratio 0.362; P = .049) showed an inverse correlation with overall survival (OS). The 5-year OS rate was not significantly different between the EBV and H. pylori coinfection vs. other groups (97.6% vs. 86.8%; P = .144). In patients with non-GCLS, the OS rate was not significantly different between the EBV-positive vs. other groups (96.9% vs. 86.4%; P = .126).

Study details: This retrospective study included 956 patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgery between September 2014 and August 2015 and were subdivided into groups according to the GCLS morphology and EBV and H. pylori infection statuses.

Disclosures: No funding source was identified for this study. Dr. JY Ahn is an editorial board member of the journal. The other authors reported no conflicts of interest.

Source: Noh JH et al. Clinical significance of Epstein-Barr virus and Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric carcinoma. Gut Liver. 2022 (May 25). Doi: 10.5009/gnl210593

Key clinical point: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Helicobacter pylori coinfection is not an independent prognostic factor for gastric cancer. EBV infection was associated with survival, but not in patients with non-gastric carcinoma with lymphoid stroma (non-GCLS).

Major finding: EBV infection alone (hazard ratio 0.362; P = .049) showed an inverse correlation with overall survival (OS). The 5-year OS rate was not significantly different between the EBV and H. pylori coinfection vs. other groups (97.6% vs. 86.8%; P = .144). In patients with non-GCLS, the OS rate was not significantly different between the EBV-positive vs. other groups (96.9% vs. 86.4%; P = .126).

Study details: This retrospective study included 956 patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgery between September 2014 and August 2015 and were subdivided into groups according to the GCLS morphology and EBV and H. pylori infection statuses.

Disclosures: No funding source was identified for this study. Dr. JY Ahn is an editorial board member of the journal. The other authors reported no conflicts of interest.

Source: Noh JH et al. Clinical significance of Epstein-Barr virus and Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric carcinoma. Gut Liver. 2022 (May 25). Doi: 10.5009/gnl210593

Key clinical point: In older patients with potentially resectable gastric cancer, gastrectomy vs. conservative treatment may improve survival. The minimally invasive approach has fewer complications and extended lymphadenectomy may have survival benefit.

Major finding: Gastrectomy vs. conservative treatment improved overall survival in all six studies included in the analysis, but study quality was low and meta-analysis was not feasible. Minimally invasive vs. open gastrectomy was associated with fewer complications (pooled risk ratio 0.71; P = .005) and similar OS (P = .58). Extended vs. limited lymphadenectomy prolonged OS or cancer-specific survival in two cohort studies, with similar complication rates.

Study details: This systematic review of 31 studies included patients aged ≥ 70 years with potentially resectable stage I-III gastric cancer.

Disclosures: This study had no sponsors. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Argillander TE et al. Outcomes of surgical treatment of non-metastatic gastric cancer in patients aged 70 and older: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2022 (May 16). Doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2022.05.003

Key clinical point: In older patients with potentially resectable gastric cancer, gastrectomy vs. conservative treatment may improve survival. The minimally invasive approach has fewer complications and extended lymphadenectomy may have survival benefit.

Major finding: Gastrectomy vs. conservative treatment improved overall survival in all six studies included in the analysis, but study quality was low and meta-analysis was not feasible. Minimally invasive vs. open gastrectomy was associated with fewer complications (pooled risk ratio 0.71; P = .005) and similar OS (P = .58). Extended vs. limited lymphadenectomy prolonged OS or cancer-specific survival in two cohort studies, with similar complication rates.

Study details: This systematic review of 31 studies included patients aged ≥ 70 years with potentially resectable stage I-III gastric cancer.

Disclosures: This study had no sponsors. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Argillander TE et al. Outcomes of surgical treatment of non-metastatic gastric cancer in patients aged 70 and older: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2022 (May 16). Doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2022.05.003

Key clinical point: In older patients with potentially resectable gastric cancer, gastrectomy vs. conservative treatment may improve survival. The minimally invasive approach has fewer complications and extended lymphadenectomy may have survival benefit.

Major finding: Gastrectomy vs. conservative treatment improved overall survival in all six studies included in the analysis, but study quality was low and meta-analysis was not feasible. Minimally invasive vs. open gastrectomy was associated with fewer complications (pooled risk ratio 0.71; P = .005) and similar OS (P = .58). Extended vs. limited lymphadenectomy prolonged OS or cancer-specific survival in two cohort studies, with similar complication rates.

Study details: This systematic review of 31 studies included patients aged ≥ 70 years with potentially resectable stage I-III gastric cancer.

Disclosures: This study had no sponsors. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Argillander TE et al. Outcomes of surgical treatment of non-metastatic gastric cancer in patients aged 70 and older: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2022 (May 16). Doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2022.05.003

Key clinical point: Pretreatment CD163+ macrophage infiltration is a prognostic biomarker in patients with metastatic gastric cancer.

Major finding: The median overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in patients who underwent vs. did not undergo conversion surgery after induction chemotherapy (33.3 vs. 9.0 months; P < .0001). Overall, the median OS in the CD163-low vs. -high group was not reached vs. 16.8 months, respectively (P < .001). In patients who underwent conversion surgery, the median OS in the CD163-low vs. -high group was not reached vs. 24.8 months, respectively (P = .020).

Study details: This retrospective study evaluated the numbers of tumor-infiltrating CD4+, CD8+, and Foxp3+ lymphocytes and CD68+ and CD163+ macrophages in pretreatment endoscopic biopsy samples of 68 patients with metastatic gastric cancer who received induction chemotherapy (docetaxel plus cisplatin plus S-1) with or without conversion surgery between April 2006 and March 2019.

Disclosures: This study did not receive any funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Kinoshita J et al. Prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating CD163+macrophage in patients with metastatic gastric cancer undergoing multidisciplinary treatment. BMC Cancer. 2022;22:608 (Jun 3). Doi: 10.1186/s12885-022-09713-y

Key clinical point: Pretreatment CD163+ macrophage infiltration is a prognostic biomarker in patients with metastatic gastric cancer.

Major finding: The median overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in patients who underwent vs. did not undergo conversion surgery after induction chemotherapy (33.3 vs. 9.0 months; P < .0001). Overall, the median OS in the CD163-low vs. -high group was not reached vs. 16.8 months, respectively (P < .001). In patients who underwent conversion surgery, the median OS in the CD163-low vs. -high group was not reached vs. 24.8 months, respectively (P = .020).

Study details: This retrospective study evaluated the numbers of tumor-infiltrating CD4+, CD8+, and Foxp3+ lymphocytes and CD68+ and CD163+ macrophages in pretreatment endoscopic biopsy samples of 68 patients with metastatic gastric cancer who received induction chemotherapy (docetaxel plus cisplatin plus S-1) with or without conversion surgery between April 2006 and March 2019.

Disclosures: This study did not receive any funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Kinoshita J et al. Prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating CD163+macrophage in patients with metastatic gastric cancer undergoing multidisciplinary treatment. BMC Cancer. 2022;22:608 (Jun 3). Doi: 10.1186/s12885-022-09713-y

Key clinical point: Pretreatment CD163+ macrophage infiltration is a prognostic biomarker in patients with metastatic gastric cancer.

Major finding: The median overall survival (OS) was significantly longer in patients who underwent vs. did not undergo conversion surgery after induction chemotherapy (33.3 vs. 9.0 months; P < .0001). Overall, the median OS in the CD163-low vs. -high group was not reached vs. 16.8 months, respectively (P < .001). In patients who underwent conversion surgery, the median OS in the CD163-low vs. -high group was not reached vs. 24.8 months, respectively (P = .020).

Study details: This retrospective study evaluated the numbers of tumor-infiltrating CD4+, CD8+, and Foxp3+ lymphocytes and CD68+ and CD163+ macrophages in pretreatment endoscopic biopsy samples of 68 patients with metastatic gastric cancer who received induction chemotherapy (docetaxel plus cisplatin plus S-1) with or without conversion surgery between April 2006 and March 2019.

Disclosures: This study did not receive any funding. The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

Source: Kinoshita J et al. Prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating CD163+macrophage in patients with metastatic gastric cancer undergoing multidisciplinary treatment. BMC Cancer. 2022;22:608 (Jun 3). Doi: 10.1186/s12885-022-09713-y

Key clinical point: Regular tea consumption shows a weak inverse association with risk for gastric cancer.

Major finding: Regular vs. nonregular tea drinkers had a significantly lower risk for gastric cancer (pooled odds ratio [OR] 0.91; 95% CI 0.85-0.97). Compared with nonregular tea drinkers, there was no difference in risk for gastric cancer in regular tea drinkers who consumed 1 to <2, 2 to <3, ≥3 cups (P_trend = .27). A lower risk was observed in studies from China, Japan, and Iran (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.48-0.81) and from China and Japan (OR 0.67; 95% CI  0.49-0.91).

Study details: A pooled analysis of 34 studies including 13,121 patients with gastric cancer and 31,420 control individuals from the StoP Project (a consortium of epidemiological studies on gastric cancer) dataset.

Disclosures: This study was supported by Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro and Italian League for the Fight Against Cancer. The authors declared no competing interests.

Source: Martimianaki G et al. Tea consumption and gastric cancer: A pooled analysis from the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project consortium. Br J Cancer. 2022 (May 24). Doi: 10.1038/s41416-022-01856-w

Key clinical point: Regular tea consumption shows a weak inverse association with risk for gastric cancer.

Major finding: Regular vs. nonregular tea drinkers had a significantly lower risk for gastric cancer (pooled odds ratio [OR] 0.91; 95% CI 0.85-0.97). Compared with nonregular tea drinkers, there was no difference in risk for gastric cancer in regular tea drinkers who consumed 1 to <2, 2 to <3, ≥3 cups (P_trend = .27). A lower risk was observed in studies from China, Japan, and Iran (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.48-0.81) and from China and Japan (OR 0.67; 95% CI  0.49-0.91).

Study details: A pooled analysis of 34 studies including 13,121 patients with gastric cancer and 31,420 control individuals from the StoP Project (a consortium of epidemiological studies on gastric cancer) dataset.

Disclosures: This study was supported by Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro and Italian League for the Fight Against Cancer. The authors declared no competing interests.

Source: Martimianaki G et al. Tea consumption and gastric cancer: A pooled analysis from the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project consortium. Br J Cancer. 2022 (May 24). Doi: 10.1038/s41416-022-01856-w

Key clinical point: Regular tea consumption shows a weak inverse association with risk for gastric cancer.

Major finding: Regular vs. nonregular tea drinkers had a significantly lower risk for gastric cancer (pooled odds ratio [OR] 0.91; 95% CI 0.85-0.97). Compared with nonregular tea drinkers, there was no difference in risk for gastric cancer in regular tea drinkers who consumed 1 to <2, 2 to <3, ≥3 cups (P_trend = .27). A lower risk was observed in studies from China, Japan, and Iran (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.48-0.81) and from China and Japan (OR 0.67; 95% CI  0.49-0.91).

Study details: A pooled analysis of 34 studies including 13,121 patients with gastric cancer and 31,420 control individuals from the StoP Project (a consortium of epidemiological studies on gastric cancer) dataset.

Disclosures: This study was supported by Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro and Italian League for the Fight Against Cancer. The authors declared no competing interests.

Source: Martimianaki G et al. Tea consumption and gastric cancer: A pooled analysis from the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project consortium. Br J Cancer. 2022 (May 24). Doi: 10.1038/s41416-022-01856-w

Key clinical point: High tumor mutational burden (TMB) is associated with clinical outcomes with pembrolizumab with or without chemotherapy in patients with gastric/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.

Major finding: In patients with high TMB, pembrolizumab vs. chemotherapy significantly improved the objective response rate (ORR; 55.6% vs. 41.2%), progression-free survival (PFS; hazard ratio [HR] 0.52), and overall survival (OS; HR 0.34). Similarly, pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy improved ORR (73.3% vs. 41.2%), PFS (HR 0.62), and OS (HR 0.54) in patients with high TMB.

Study details: This prespecified exploratory analysis of phase 3 KEYNOTE-062 study included patients with gastric cancer who were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive pembrolizumab, pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy, or placebo plus chemotherapy.

Disclosures: This study was funded by Merck Sharp and Dohme LLC. The authors declared receiving grants, personal or advisory fees, or nonfinancial support. Some authors declared owing stocks or being cofounders or employees in various companies.

Source: Lee K-W et al. Association of tumor mutational burden with efficacy of pembrolizumab ± chemotherapy as first-line therapy for gastric cancer in the phase III KEYNOTE-062 study. Clin Cancer Res. 2022 (Jun 3). Doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-22-0121

Key clinical point: High tumor mutational burden (TMB) is associated with clinical outcomes with pembrolizumab with or without chemotherapy in patients with gastric/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.

Major finding: In patients with high TMB, pembrolizumab vs. chemotherapy significantly improved the objective response rate (ORR; 55.6% vs. 41.2%), progression-free survival (PFS; hazard ratio [HR] 0.52), and overall survival (OS; HR 0.34). Similarly, pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy improved ORR (73.3% vs. 41.2%), PFS (HR 0.62), and OS (HR 0.54) in patients with high TMB.

Study details: This prespecified exploratory analysis of phase 3 KEYNOTE-062 study included patients with gastric cancer who were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive pembrolizumab, pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy, or placebo plus chemotherapy.

Disclosures: This study was funded by Merck Sharp and Dohme LLC. The authors declared receiving grants, personal or advisory fees, or nonfinancial support. Some authors declared owing stocks or being cofounders or employees in various companies.

Source: Lee K-W et al. Association of tumor mutational burden with efficacy of pembrolizumab ± chemotherapy as first-line therapy for gastric cancer in the phase III KEYNOTE-062 study. Clin Cancer Res. 2022 (Jun 3). Doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-22-0121

Key clinical point: High tumor mutational burden (TMB) is associated with clinical outcomes with pembrolizumab with or without chemotherapy in patients with gastric/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.

Major finding: In patients with high TMB, pembrolizumab vs. chemotherapy significantly improved the objective response rate (ORR; 55.6% vs. 41.2%), progression-free survival (PFS; hazard ratio [HR] 0.52), and overall survival (OS; HR 0.34). Similarly, pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy improved ORR (73.3% vs. 41.2%), PFS (HR 0.62), and OS (HR 0.54) in patients with high TMB.

Study details: This prespecified exploratory analysis of phase 3 KEYNOTE-062 study included patients with gastric cancer who were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive pembrolizumab, pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy, or placebo plus chemotherapy.

Disclosures: This study was funded by Merck Sharp and Dohme LLC. The authors declared receiving grants, personal or advisory fees, or nonfinancial support. Some authors declared owing stocks or being cofounders or employees in various companies.

Source: Lee K-W et al. Association of tumor mutational burden with efficacy of pembrolizumab ± chemotherapy as first-line therapy for gastric cancer in the phase III KEYNOTE-062 study. Clin Cancer Res. 2022 (Jun 3). Doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-22-0121

Key clinical point: Ramucirumab in combination with irinotecan fails to improve the progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 6 months in patients with previously treated advanced gastric cancer.

Major finding: The 6-month PFS rate was 26.5% (P = .1353). The median PFS was 4.2 months, and the median overall survival was 9.6 months. The most common grade ≥3 adverse events were neutropenia (51%), leucopenia (43%), anemia (20%), anorexia (14%), and febrile neutropenia (11%). There were no treatment-related deaths or new safety signals.

Study details: This study was a single-arm, phase 2 multicenter trial of 35 patients (HGCSG 1603)  with previously treated advanced gastric cancer who received the second-line ramucirumab plus irinotecan. The primary endpoint was the 6-month PFS rate.

Disclosures: This study was supported by Eli Lilly Japan K.K.  Several of the authors received honoraria or research funding or declared ownership interests outside this work, including with Eli Lilly Japan.

Source: Kawamoto Y et al. Phase II study of ramucirumab plus irinotecan combination therapy as second-line treatment in patients with advanced gastric cancer: HGCSG1603. Oncologist. 2022 (May 17). Doi: 10.1093/oncolo/oyac086

Key clinical point: Ramucirumab in combination with irinotecan fails to improve the progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 6 months in patients with previously treated advanced gastric cancer.

Major finding: The 6-month PFS rate was 26.5% (P = .1353). The median PFS was 4.2 months, and the median overall survival was 9.6 months. The most common grade ≥3 adverse events were neutropenia (51%), leucopenia (43%), anemia (20%), anorexia (14%), and febrile neutropenia (11%). There were no treatment-related deaths or new safety signals.

Study details: This study was a single-arm, phase 2 multicenter trial of 35 patients (HGCSG 1603)  with previously treated advanced gastric cancer who received the second-line ramucirumab plus irinotecan. The primary endpoint was the 6-month PFS rate.

Disclosures: This study was supported by Eli Lilly Japan K.K.  Several of the authors received honoraria or research funding or declared ownership interests outside this work, including with Eli Lilly Japan.

Source: Kawamoto Y et al. Phase II study of ramucirumab plus irinotecan combination therapy as second-line treatment in patients with advanced gastric cancer: HGCSG1603. Oncologist. 2022 (May 17). Doi: 10.1093/oncolo/oyac086

Key clinical point: Ramucirumab in combination with irinotecan fails to improve the progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 6 months in patients with previously treated advanced gastric cancer.

Major finding: The 6-month PFS rate was 26.5% (P = .1353). The median PFS was 4.2 months, and the median overall survival was 9.6 months. The most common grade ≥3 adverse events were neutropenia (51%), leucopenia (43%), anemia (20%), anorexia (14%), and febrile neutropenia (11%). There were no treatment-related deaths or new safety signals.

Study details: This study was a single-arm, phase 2 multicenter trial of 35 patients (HGCSG 1603)  with previously treated advanced gastric cancer who received the second-line ramucirumab plus irinotecan. The primary endpoint was the 6-month PFS rate.

Disclosures: This study was supported by Eli Lilly Japan K.K.  Several of the authors received honoraria or research funding or declared ownership interests outside this work, including with Eli Lilly Japan.

Source: Kawamoto Y et al. Phase II study of ramucirumab plus irinotecan combination therapy as second-line treatment in patients with advanced gastric cancer: HGCSG1603. Oncologist. 2022 (May 17). Doi: 10.1093/oncolo/oyac086